New York Private Investigator Regulations Practice Exam

What is the function of a grand jury?

1. To pass verdicts in civil cases

2. To determine the guilt or innocence of defendants

3. To hear and examine evidence concerning offenses

4. To negotiate plea deals between parties

The correct answer is: To hear and examine evidence concerning offenses

The function of a grand jury is to hear and examine evidence concerning offenses. A grand jury is typically convened in the context of criminal law and serves the crucial role of assessing whether there is enough evidence to bring formal charges against a suspect. This process is essential as it acts as a safeguard against unfounded criminal prosecutions. The grand jury reviews the evidence presented by the prosecutor and can decide whether to issue an indictment, allowing the case to proceed to trial. This function is distinct from passing verdicts or determining guilt, which are tasks assigned to a trial jury after a case has been brought to court. By focusing on the sufficiency of evidence rather than making a determination of guilt or innocence, the grand jury serves a unique and pivotal role in the legal system.